Types of Diabetes, diabetes type 1 – diabetes type 2

Question: My daughter 7,5 years. Daddy type 1 diabetes at 14 years, for 22 years. Thankfully Tanya diabetes no. But sometimes, my daughter, we measure the sugar in 1,5-2 hours after eating, the testimony 7,5-9,2 millimole l. The morning fasting sugar 5. 5mmol liter. What should be the indicators of sugar were normal.

Answer: Norma on blood glucose meters – up to 5. 5 empty stomach (as if the blood glucose meter is calibrated for plasma – then to 6. 1). After 2 hours after a certain standard load (75 g glucose) – up to 7. 8. In general, your results – on the upper limit of normal or above it (depending on the type of your blood glucose meters), you must monitor children's endocrinologist. Most likely, the doctor would prescribe an analysis for antibodies to the pancreas (their absence will talk about a low risk of developing diabetes in the near future), maybe – the holding of a sugar load. "

Childhood diabetes

Question: My daughter is almost 8 years. Two months ago, to make the analysis of endocrinological part (I told the doctor and she noticed that the girl became ill grow pale, rost130, weight 24 kg steadily during the year). Results of tests: insulin = 3,0 mkME / ml, c-peptide = 0,252 nmol / L (normal 0,37-1,47), glycosylated hemoglobin = 6.2% (normal 4-6) Then, in another laboratory: glucose fasting = 4.8 mmol / liter. A month ago, the results of repeated – about the same. The doctor diagnosed it – preddiabet. We moved to a small town (her husband was transferred to work). . . What we do, whether diet and protecting them from colds to prevent the development of diabetes. The doctor gave us the weather – a maximum of 5 years without diabetes, and then everything.

Answer: Insulin and C-peptide (and even glycated hemoglobin) had no diagnostic value here, the main thing here – the level of blood sugar. It is normal. Strictly speaking, even prediabetes in children moving in diabetes is not always, but there is no effective prevention measures, unfortunately (the diet and the prevention of viral infections – this is really something that can realistically be done). There have been studies on the effectiveness of certain drugs (nicotinamide, etc.), but their effectiveness has not been confirmed. BUT: Before talking about prediabetes, is to identify antibodies to the tissue of the pancreas. If they are negative (ie, the level within the normal range) – can not be afraid of diabetes (at least, the most common in children with type 1 SD). Slow weight gain, pallor, etc. The changes revealed laboratory indicators can not be explained – why you should either look for other reasons, or – if a girl feels, and develops the same peers – not to expose the child unnecessary medical procedures.

Diabetes causes

Question: I've already written, thank you for your reply. Before that I wrote to you: "Please odskazhite in the morning on an empty stomach, measured the blood of a child 2 years old (his father had diabetes, 1st type) your glucometer showed 6,0 Meriem immediately from the other hand the result of 5,2, Meriem again of the 5,8. Then he had lunch at 8-00, eat wheat porridge with apple and drank 150 grams kifira, 10-00 in the steering wheel and polkuska ate black bread with butter, a 11-50 measured his sugar 5,7. In 12 — 30 lunch, vegetable soup (made of potatoes, cabbage, etc.) with a piece of white bread in the 14-40 outcome-measured his 5,5. measured his sugar the next morning from one hand to 4,1 and 4,3 of the other, through 2 hours after breakfast (ate oatmeal and drank Actimel) sugar 5.8. The next day, the sugar in the morning on toschak 5,2, and yet next morning, sugar in the morning on an empty stomach 4,8. the next morning 4.6. I tres from the experiences of the fourth day. Why is the day when we measured his first sugar from one of his hands was 6,0 and 5,8. Can different hands so much different results (5,2 and 5,8, 6,0 )? For 4 days in a row Meriem sugar (as I understand it here in the next few days everything is OK) that we are now well measured every day (I still can not get uspakoitsya, although my husband says that I no longer 'go crazy') Perhaps the day when unego were rezeltaty 5,8 i6, 0 on one of his hands, he managed to tilt (measured this in 50 minutes after he woke up, from experience, I even do not remember what he did and he was crying in the next few days measured this as soon as he woke up.) Could glucometer mistake 2 times (5,8 i6, 0) Rukimy he washed. And why do so to separate the results in different hands.'ll show what to do? "I want to have to ask: we went to a consultation with Pediatric endocrinology, she told us to do a test with a load of glucose (sugar curve) and donate blood for antibodies to the beta cells of the pancreas. Please tell us whether we do with our predlospolozhennostyu glucose load? And in general, whether such a small child to do this test. And what we say an analysis of antibodies to beta-cells of the pancreas.

Answer: You asked a second question a little earlier – once responsible for both. . . "Go crazy" really not necessary. Test with the sugar load is done, because the available measurements do not speak clearly either on the norm, not an increase of sugar. If test results are normal – you should forget about worrying and stop to measure the sugar baby glucometer. If not the norm – keep to a diet (children endocrinologist will tell you). Drugs known to affect the risk of diabetes in this situation, to sozhaelniyu no. Antibodies to tissue of the pancreas, which are recommended to define, identify the autoimmune process that damages it leads to the development of the SD type 1 (but the carrier antibodies may occur in healthy people – diabetes does not develop in 100% of cases. If antibodies are detected – need more frequent monitoring, more serious approach to diet. This analysis, although it will not change therapy, will reduce uncertainty. The survey did not dangerous, blood taken from a vein (the usual method). Ingestion of sugar syrup is not dangerous (no increased risk of developing diabetes), but test is not conducted when the initial sugar (before taking the syrup) corresponds to the diabetic (6. 1 or more of the finger 7. 0, and more – from a vein). Number of sugar syrup is calculated on the weight of the child.

Childhood diabetes

Question: Thanks for the answer, when I calmed down and she realized that a child has, unfortunately, may be diabetes. What makes us very surprising is that our doctors are absolutely not looking for the cause of the disease. Or it does not make sense? Still, it is strange that the disease arose literally from scratch. What could cause diabetes: unhealthy diet? hormonal disruption? virus? Child was sick before this viral disease, could not it cause of diabetes? Maybe we're just trying to grasp at straws, but still very interested in one question, were there any cases when, after such an increase in blood sugar levels, the child still did not become insulin-dependent or is it real? In other words, whether it be a temporary disruption or have already irreversible changes occur? Does it make sense to fight on, look for the cause, or should resign

Answer: In typical cases, the SD type 1 is really no sense, because no effect on treatment. Type 1 diabetes develops because of the destruction of beta cells of the pancreas (which produce insulin) antibodies against it, with the first manifestations usually appear when it was already about 90% of these cells died, and bring the situation back to the top is impossible. One of the common causes that provoke a malfunction of the immune system, because of which develop antibodies – a viral infection. But usually such infection occurs in a few months before the outbreak of diabetes, so unfortunately, it no longer plays a role. Therefore, in this case (at today's level of development of medicine) is to concentrate efforts on finding the reasons which have not changed, but the fact that you can fix today, tomorrow and beyond. Given the high levels of sugar and the classic manifestations of the SD type 1, there is no reason to assume other forms of diabetes. In this case, the only method of treatment to date is the introduction of insulin. See the section on new methods of treatment, but again – now a child needs a more realistic action.

Diabetes causes

Question: I have type 1 diabetes. Now with a baby in the hospital, he was given antiviral drugs and imunnostimulyatory. I am very afraid to use them, not to sprovotsiorovat SD. Our doctor does not say anything concrete. Decide for yourself. I am very afraid. How do I do

Answer: reason to talk about the effect of immunostimulants on the risk of diabetes is not (just as the immune system is activated when any colds). But the fact is that immunostimulants and antiviral drugs with proven efficacy, as far as I know, no (so treatment of influenza and SARS – symptomatic, and the disease clears up). Can you clarify whether these drugs qualified pediatricians (eg, at www / rusmedserv. Com / forums)

Diabetes causes

Question: Dear Oleg! I am 51 years old. In 1989 and again in 1990, I underwent surgery (hemorrhoids) Then start up blood pressure. Prescribe treatment tablets. We also prinimayuArifon retard. Pressure markedly decreased, but with nastupleniemKlimakticheskogo period and a number of diseases on women  uterine myoma, endometrial and geperplaziya) were repeatedly curettage because of bleeding. Designated Buselerin in 2006. After treatment buselerinom was jumping blood pressure and was found sahar7, 0. Glyukemicheskaya curve 10,5 and 13,6. In urine-sugar. It became a diet and take arfazitin. Sugar declined to 5,0. But after another diagnesticheskogo curettage sugar -6,6, siofor500 prescribed, one tablet after dinner. I was diagnosed with diabetes-2tipa. Is there any connection with the emergence of diabetes or taking arifona buselerina? Can I take sugar with diuretics? And siofor with arifonom? Thank you in advance for your reply Catherine.

Answer: Diabetes mellitus you from the moment when he was obranuzhen sugar 7. 0 empty stomach and 10,5-13,6 in sugar curve. With age, health status is not ulchchshaetsya (especially – if there is an excess of body weight), so do not much wonder that over time there are certain diseases. With the admission arifona and buserelina of diabetes is not related. Arifon, like other medications for the treatment of arterial hypertension and diuretics, may well be applied in SD. Arfazetin not have to take (almost no effect on blood sugar levels), and diet and siofor – proceed.

Diabetes causes

Question: 1. Where can I take an a-peptide – a child 9 years old? 2. How can I find out (if possible) when started diabetes? 3. In the body glucose comes from food, from the liver (glycogen) and as a result of splitting their own fat. For the assimilation of sugar from food require insulin, but in other cases included some other metabolism? Ie, the reserves of the organism deliver glucose into the cells without insulin, or as – require insulin? Thank

Answer: 1-2. If a child is diagnosed with Diabetes ", it is better to spend effort and money on other, more important (frequent blood sugar control, good control of sugar levels, training, good schools diabetes, etc.). Analysis of C-peptide performs most commercial laboratories. Find out whether there are in your town. 2. All a bit wrong. The main effect of insulin on glucose – translated it from the blood into tissues, where it is stored or assimilated. Insulin is not required for the assimilation of glucose from the intestinal lumen, namely, to ensure that it is not just floating in the blood, but contribute to the tissue, where it is used. In some tissues (primarily the brain and nerve fibers) glucose enters, regardless of the level of insulin and higher blood glucose level, the more it comes to those tissues that in diabetes leads to overloading glucose. But to control the level of sugar in a CD that does not matter: you just calculate the dose of insulin injected before a meal, based on the level of sugar at this time and that many pixels of glucose (in the form of starch and mn.) Will be eaten.

Diabetes causes

Question: Oleg, your advice help me a lot, now I do not bother about my illness, no one except my family and do not know that with me. I even sometimes go with friends to a disco, and you know with the right controls the entire evening is wonderful gipoklimii not, and sugar to the norm))) but here's my question is as follows. How can I be in this situation: If I invite a guy to walk, and the time will come when I need to eat, what to do, he is unlearned, that I was way out of this situation, without unnecessary explanation and without giving him an excuse anything suspect?? thanks in advance. look'll wait for a respons

Answer: If a person with whom you have long-term relationship – yet he should tell about your diabetes. In the situation when it first acquaintance – you can not "ogoroshivat" the young man's information on diabetes. To eat during a walk – you can advance to bring in a bag or "ryukzachke" apples or cakes, for example. At the same time when it will be necessary – to eat and to treat him. In the extreme case, you can play the "girl who wishes that people must obey" – you can always say "I want to have – just to die, let's buy a pie!" (If there is a place where you can buy the right food).

Psychological adaptation

Question: "I have to you several interrelated voprosov1. In my youth I was quite thin, while the dispute ate 10 éclairs, very fond of sweets – candy, chocolate, etc., and TA – and do not engage in manual labor – was a student, an engineer – in short, mentally sedentary work – and so to 60 years. The question is as follows – where (or how) in normal individuals, were infatuated with scones, cakes, sweets and chocolate – from the organism appears – for decades, and without diabetes – excess sugar? I think that the excess still formed. 2. Consonant with the first issue – the second. My sister is younger than me for 4 years. Already some twenty years her weight around 150 kg – with the growth of less than me. And it uses the same rolls, and cakes, chocolates and more for that – but it has sugar – normal – and I – Diabetes II (-7-8-9 morning, before lunch 6-7 – accept Astos and glyukofag) 3 . I read somewhere that there is fault and the thyroid gland. Is this true? By the way I have with it – everything is normal – but my sister – not very. It can be treated with thyroid gland?? 4. And the last question. Dr. Voychik on your site and wrote (referring to hypoglycemia): 'we must remember that alcohol can lower blood sugar. 'Is it really so? For all endocrinologists say that alcohol is contraindicated in diabetics completely? Your

Answer: 1. The risk of developing diabetes is not determined by the consumption of sweet in their lifetime, and excess weight (about 80% of patients with type 2 diabetes), heredity and other factors. Do not perceive the work as mechanistic organism: sugar (carbohydrates) – is, of course, "fuel" (along with other substances), but it can "burn" spent on physical activity and other needs of the organism. And when there is excessive consumption of this or any other fuel, it is deposited in the form of stocks – adipose tissue. And this on a number of mechanisms can lead to diabetes. 2. If a genetic predisposition to diabetes was 100% – then your sister, too, would be diabetes. But it is about 60% + genes and sisters, you are not completely identical + to your pancreas may act in other factors + diabetes in your sister may develop later (the risk of it yet upgraded). 3. No, not my fault. 4. Alcohol is the "swing": sugar goes down, a day or two – up. During the first phase of reduction in blood sugar levels can reach gopoglikemii, including heavy. Therefore, all endocrinologists really say:). Alcohol – one of the causes of severe hypoglycemia, we must remember this, b). This alcohol is not a hypoglycemic drug, because of the "two-phase" response. Even if you drink all the time – it does not work: in chronic alcoholics diabetes, more severe and rapidly leads to complications than others.

Diabetes causes

Question: I am interested in life expectancy for diabetic first type, which does not comply with diet and who are dieting. What usually happens death in diabetes mellitus.

Answer: When diabetes becomes very topical the thesis "A man is master of its destiny." It is not just a diet: with the SD type 1 can be virtually any product cover insulin properly calculating this figure and it does not prevent the increase of sugar. But people with diabetes need many things to do to control my sugar (to calculate units of grain for food, often to measure the sugar properly adjust the dose of insulin, to spend money on self-control and the necessary examination, communication with the good doctor, no smoking, etc. ). As a result – among the ill as a teenager I had met both men, more or less free from the complications of diabetes in 50 years, and survived to severe complications of diabetes (blindness, hemodialysis, etc.) for 10-15 years. In general, the first cause of mortality in the SD 1 and type 2 – cardio-vascular complications (diabetes – a serious risk factor for atherosclerosis, hypertension, etc.).

Psychological adaptation